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      <a id="STKVoicForm"></a>
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      <a id="IndexStkvoicform" class="indexterm"></a>
      <div class="refnamediv">
        <h2>
          <span class="refentrytitle">STKVoicForm</span>
        </h2>
        <p>STKVoicForm — 
      STKVoicForm is a  four formant synthesis instrument. 
    </p>
      </div>
      <div class="refsect1">
        <a id="idp153070208"></a>
        <h2>Description</h2>
        <p>
      STKVoicForm is a four formant synthesis instrument. 
This instrument contains an excitation singing wavetable (looping wave with random and periodic vibrato, smoothing on frequency, etc.), excitation noise, and four sweepable complex resonances. 
Measured formant data is included, and enough data is there to support either parallel or cascade synthesis. In the floating point case cascade synthesis is the most natural so that's what you'll find here.</p>
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      <div class="refsect1">
        <a id="idp153071840"></a>
        <h2>Syntax</h2>
        <pre class="synopsis">asignal <span class="command"><strong>STKVoicForm</strong></span> ifrequency, iamplitude, [kmix, kv1[, ksel, kv2[, klfo, kv3[, klfodepth, kv4[, kloud, kv5]]]]]</pre>
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      <div class="refsect1">
        <a id="idp153073968"></a>
        <h2>Initialization</h2>
        <p>
      <span class="emphasis"><em>ifrequency</em></span> -- Frequency of note played, in Hertz.
    </p>
        <p>
      <span class="emphasis"><em>iamplitude</em></span> -- Amplitude of note played (range 0-1).
    </p>
      </div>
      <div class="refsect1">
        <a id="idp153076432"></a>
        <h2>Performance</h2>
        <p><span class="emphasis"><em>kmix</em></span> -- controller 2, voiced/unvoiced mix. Value range of kv1 is 0-127.</p>
        <p><span class="emphasis"><em>ksel</em></span> -- controller 4, vowel/phoneme selection. Value range of kv2 is 0-127.</p>
        <p><span class="emphasis"><em>klfo</em></span> -- controller 11, speed of low-frequency oscillator. Value range of kv3 is 0-127.</p>
        <p><span class="emphasis"><em>klfodepth</em></span> -- controller 1, depth of low-frequency oscillator. Value range of kv4 is 0-127.</p>
        <p><span class="emphasis"><em>kloud</em></span> -- controller 128, loudness (spectral tilt). Value range of kv5 is 0-127.</p>
      </div>
      <div class="refsect1">
        <a id="idp153081040"></a>
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              <th align="left">Note</th>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left" valign="top">
                <p>
        The code for this opcode is taken directly from the VoicForm class in the Synthesis Toolkit in C++ by Perry R. Cook and Gary P. Scavone. More on the STK classes can be found here:  
<a class="ulink" href="https://ccrma.stanford.edu/software/stk/classes.html" target="_top"><em class="citetitle">https://ccrma.stanford.edu/software/stk/classes.html</em></a>
</p>
                <p>
        <span class="emphasis"><em>kc1, kv1, kc2, kv2, kc3, kv3, kc4, kv4, kc5, kv5, kc6, kv6, kc7, kv7, kc8, kv8</em></span> -- Up to 8 optional k-rate controller pairs for the STK opcodes.
      Each controller pair consists of a controller number (kc) followed by a controller value (kv). Both the controller numbers and the controller values are krate variables. However, during a performance, normally the controller numbers stay fixed while the corresponding controller values may change at any time.
The order of the controller pair is arbitrary, as long as they are after <span class="emphasis"><em>iamplitude</em></span>. Also, it is not needed that all controller pairs are used.
</p>
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      <div class="refsect1">
        <a id="idp153085520"></a>
        <h2>Examples</h2>
        <p>
      Here is an example of the STKVoicForm opcode. 
      It uses the file <a class="ulink" href="examples/STKVoicForm.csd" target="_top"><em class="citetitle">STKVoicForm.csd</em></a>.
     
      </p>
        <div class="example">
          <a id="idp153087408"></a>
          <p class="title">
            <strong>Example 867. Example of the STKVoicForm opcode.</strong>
          </p>
          <div class="example-contents">
            <pre class="programlisting">
<span class="csdtag">&lt;CsoundSynthesizer&gt;</span>
<span class="csdtag">&lt;CsOptions&gt;</span>
<span class="comment">; Select audio/midi flags here according to platform</span>
-odac     <span class="comment">;;;realtime audio out</span>
<span class="comment">;-iadc    ;;;uncomment -iadc if RT audio input is needed too</span>
<span class="comment">; For Non-realtime ouput leave only the line below:</span>
<span class="comment">; -o STKVoicForm.wav -W ;;; for file output any platform</span>
<span class="csdtag">&lt;/CsOptions&gt;</span>
<span class="csdtag">&lt;CsInstruments&gt;</span>

<span class="ohdr">sr</span> <span class="op">=</span> 44100
<span class="ohdr">ksmps</span> <span class="op">=</span> 32
<span class="ohdr">nchnls</span> <span class="op">=</span> 2
<span class="ohdr">0dbfs</span>  <span class="op">=</span> 1

<span class="oblock">instr</span> 1

ifrq	<span class="op">=</span>	p4
kv2	<span class="opc">line</span>	p5, p3, p6				<span class="comment">;Vowel/Phoneme Selection</span>

asig	<span class="opc">STKVoicForm</span> <span class="opc">cpspch</span>(p4), 1, 2, 1, 4, kv2, 128, 100, 1, 10, 11, 100
asig	<span class="op">=</span>	asig <span class="op">*</span> .5				<span class="comment">;too loud</span>
	<span class="opc">outs</span> asig, asig
<span class="oblock">endin</span>

<span class="csdtag">&lt;/CsInstruments&gt;</span>
<span class="csdtag">&lt;CsScore&gt;</span>

<span class="stamnt">i</span> 1 0 5  7.00 100 0
<span class="stamnt">i</span> 1 + 10 7.00 1  50
<span class="stamnt">e</span>
<span class="csdtag">&lt;/CsScore&gt;</span>
<span class="csdtag">&lt;/CsoundSynthesizer&gt;</span>
</pre>
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        <p><br class="example-break" />
    </p>
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      <div class="refsect1">
        <a id="idp153089328"></a>
        <h2>Credits</h2>
        <p>
      </p>
        <table border="0" summary="Simple list" class="simplelist">
          <tr>
            <td>Author: Michael Gogins (after Perry Cook)</td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td>Irreducible Productions</td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td>New York, NY</td>
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        <p>
    </p>
        <p>New in Csound version 5.11</p>
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